Monday 31 March 2014

Key Battles of the Boer War

First Phase (October 1899 - June 1900) : British defeats

On the 12th October 1899, the Boers declared war on the British after the British refused to withdraw the troops they had gathered on the borders of Boer territory. The British suffered a series of humiliating defeats during Black Week and at Spion Kop, and were besieged at Ladysmith, Kimberley and Mafeking. The commander of British forces was General Buller.

Second Phase (February 1900 - June 1900) : British victories

The British managed to break or relieve the sieges and capture key Boer settlements. In February 1900, Kimberley and Ladysmith were relieved, while Bloemfontein was captured in March, and Mafeking finally relieved in May. By June 1900, with Boer capitals Johannesburg and Pretoria taken, the British believed that they had won. The British commander during the second phase was Field Marshall Lord Roberts.

Third Phase (late 1900 and throughout 1901) : Guerrilla war

The Boers fought back with a determined guerrilla campaign. Boer commandos attacked British railways and supply lines. The British responded by destroying Boer farms, clearing Boer areas and establishing concentration camps. Eventually they gained the upper hand and in May 1902 the Peace of Vereeniging was signed: The Transvaal and the Orange Free State became part of the British Empire. The British commander during the third phase was Field Marshall Horatio Kitchener.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Battles_of_the_Second_Boer_War

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